Diversificación de producto e internacionalización de las empresas mexicanas
Barra lateral del artículo
Contenido principal del artículo
El artículo se realiza para aportar evidencia a si las empresas mexicanas que diversifican en sus productos son más propensas a internacionalizar sus unidades de negocio. El estudio se centra en empresas mexicanas que cotizan en la bolsa de valores para encontrar evidencia con respecto a la propensidad de las actividades multi-segmento y de mercados distintos al de origen de estas firmas que tienen una participación de mercado representativa. La metodología es cuantitativa y descriptiva, se utilizaron variables como ventas, ingresos netos y activos totales para establecer los patrones de comportamiento de la empresa. Las empresas buscan diversificar para crecer, tener nuevos productos dentro del mercado y entrar a otros, todo esto lleva costos que podrán tener beneficios asociados al riesgo que la lleve a poder maximizar sus beneficios. El análisis se extiende en conocer si las actividades son en segmentos únicos y múltiples, así como el operar en mercados diferentes al nacional. Los resultados muestran las empresas que diversifican en esta economía emergente, así como aquellas que amplían su estrategia a nivel internacional. La mayoría de las empresas mexicanas que optan por diversificarse y operar internacionalmente; encaran retos como los distintos costos que esta implica debido a la inexperiencia en los mercados extranjeros y las restricciones institucionales de los mercados emergentes. Así mismo, algunos resultados indican que, a través del tiempo son capaces de aprovechar los beneficios de una mayor diversificación internacional que da como resultado rendimientos positivos porque ganan conocimiento y experiencia.
- Diversificación
- Internacional
- Empresas mexicanas
Andersen, O. (1993). On the internationalization process of firms: A critical analysis. Journal of International Business Studies, 24(2). 209-231. https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.jibs.8490230 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.jibs.8490230
Araya, A. (2009). El proceso de internacionalización de empresas. Tec Empresarial, 3(3), 18-19. https://revistas.tec.ac.cr/index.php/tec_empresarial/article/view/653
Barkema, H., & Freek, V. (1998). International expansion through start-up or acquisition: a learning perspective. Academy of Management Journal, 41(1), 7-26. https://doi.org/10.2307/256894 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/256894
Bartlett, C., & Sumantra, G. (1989). Management across borders. Harvard Business School Press.
Baumol, W. (1959). Business behavior, value and growht. Macmillan. https://doi.org/10.11398/economics1950.11.3-4_79
Berger, P., & Eli, O. (1995). Diversification’s effect on firm value. Journal of Financial Economics, 37(1), 39-65. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-405X(94)00798-6 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-405X(94)00798-6
Berry, C. (1974). Corporate diversification and market structure. Bell Journal of Economics & Management Science, 5(1), 196. https://doi.org/10.2307/3003100 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/3003100
Bettis, R. (1981). Performance differences in related and unrelated diversified firms. Strategic Management Journal, 2(4), 379-393. https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.4250020406 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.4250020406
Bodnar, G. M., Tang, C., & Weintrop, J. (1999). Both sides of corporate diversification: the value impacts of geographic and industrial diversification. NBER Working paper series, (6224). https://www.nber.org/system/files/working_papers/w6224/w6224.pdf DOI: https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.217869
Borg, W. R., & Gall, M. D. (1989). Educational research. An introduction. Longman.
Booz, E. G., Allen, J. L., & Hamilton, C. 1985. Diversification: A Survey of European chief executives. Booz, Allen, & Hamilton, Inc.
Bowen, H., & Margarethe W. (2008). Corporate diversification: the impact of foreign competition, industry globalization, and product diversification. Strategic Management Journal, (29), 115-132. https://www.jstor.org/stable/20142006 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.653
Castañeda, G. (1998). La empresa mexicana y su gobierno corporativo: Antecedentes y desafíos para el siglo XXI. UDLA/Alter Ego.
Caves, R. (1982). Diversification and seller concentration: evidence from changes 1963-72. Review of Economics and Statistics, 63(2), 289-293. https://doi.org/10.2307/1924100 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/1924100
Chang, S., & Wang, C. (2007). The effect of product diversification strategies on the relationship between international diversification and firm performance. Journal of World Business, 42(1), 61-79. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jwb.2006.11.002 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jwb.2006.11.002
Christensen, H. K., & Montgomery C. A. (1981). Corporate economic performance: Diversification strategy versus market structure. Strategic Management Journal, 2(4), 327-343. https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.4250020402 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.4250020402
Delios, A., & Beamish P. W. (1999). Ownership Strategy of Japanese Firms: Transactional, Institutional, and Experience Influences. Strategic Management Journal, 20(10), 915-933. https://ideas.repec.org/a/bla/stratm/v20y1999i10p915-933.html DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-0266(199910)20:10<915::AID-SMJ51>3.0.CO;2-0
Elsas, R., Hackethal, A., & Holzhäuser, M. (2010). The anatomy of bank diversification. Journal of Banking and Finance, 34(6), 1274-1287. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbankfin.2009.11.024 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbankfin.2009.11.024
Galván, A., Pindado, J., & de la Torre, C. (2014). Diversification: A value-creating or value-destroying strategy? Evidence from the Eurozone countries. Journal of Financial Management, Markets and Institutions, 2(1), 43-64. doi:10.12831/77236
Galván, A., García-Fernández, F., y Serna, J. (2017). Estrategia de diversificación empresarial en México: un análisis de valor. Revista Venezolana de Gerencia, 22(79), 368-386. https://doi.org/10.37960/revista.v22i79.23027 DOI: https://doi.org/10.31876/revista.v22i79.23027
Gary, M. (2005). Implementation strategy and performance outcomes in related diversification. Strategic Management Journal, 26(7), 643-664. https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.468 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.468
Geringer, J. M., Tallman, S., & Olsen, D. M. (2000). Product and international diversification among Japanese multinational firms. Strategic Management Journal, 21, 51-80. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-0266(200001)21:1%3C51::AID-SMJ77%3E3.0.CO;2-K DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-0266(200001)21:1<51::AID-SMJ77>3.0.CO;2-K
Gongming, Q. (2002). Multinationality, product diversification, and profitability of emerging US small- and medium-sized enterprises. Journal of Business Venturing, 17(6), 611–633. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0883-9026(01)00080-5 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0883-9026(01)00080-5
Gort, M. (1962). Diversification and Integration in American Industry. Princeton University Press.
Grant, R., Jammine, A., & Thomas, H. (1988). Diversity, diversification and profitability among British manufacturing companies (1972-1984). Academy of Management Journal, 31(4), 771-801. https://doi.org/10.5465/256338 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5465/256338
Hassid, J. (1977). Diversification and the firm’s rate of growth. Manchester School, (45), 16- 28. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9957.1977.tb00679.x
Hennart, J. (2007). The Theoretical Rationale for a Multinationality-Performance Relationship. Management International Review (MIR), 47, 423-452. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11575-007-0023-3 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11575-007-0023-3
Hernández, R, Fernández-Collado, C., y Baptista, Lucio. (2006). Metodología de la Investigación (4° edi.). McGraw-Hill.
Hymer, S. H. (1976). The international operations of national firms: a study of direct foreign investment. The Mit Press. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/27375
Kamien, M. I., & Schwartz, N. L. (1975). Market structure and innovation: a survey. Journal of Economic Literature, 13(1), 1-37. https://www.jstor.org/stable/i347549
Kim, W., Hwang, P., & Burgers, W. (1993). Multinational’s Diversification and the Risk-Return Tradeoff. Strategic Management Journal, 14(4), 275-286. https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.4250140404 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.4250140404
Lewellen, W. (1971). A pure financial rationale for conglomerate mergers. Journal of Finance, 26(2), 521-537. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6261.1971.tb00912.x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6261.1971.tb00912.x
Lubatkin, M., & Chatterjee, S. (1994). Extending modern portfolio theory into domain of corporate diversification: Does it apply? Academy of Management Journal, 37(1), 109-136. https://doi.org/10.5465/256772 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5465/256772
Malhotra, N. (1997). Investigación de Mercados. Un enfoque práctico (2ª edi.). Prentice-Hall Hispanoamericana S.A.
Miller, D. J. (2006). Technological diversity, related diversification, and firm performance. Strategic Management Journal, 27(7), 601-619. https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.533 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.533
Morck, R., & Yeung, B. (1991). Why Investors Value Multinationality? The Journal of Business, 64(2), 165-187. DOI: 10.1086/296532 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1086/296532
Organización Mundial del Comercio. (27 de mayo de 2021). Información sobre comercio internacional y acceso a los mercados. Organización Mundial del Comercio. https://www.wto.org/spanish/res_s/statis_s/statis_bis_s.htm?solution=WTO&path=/Dashboards/S&file=Mapwcdf&bookmarkState=%7b%22impl%22:%22client%22,%22params%22:%7b%22langParam%22:%22en%22%7d%7d
Palich, L., Cardinal, L., & Miller, C. (2000). Curvilinearity in the diversification performance linkage: an examination of over three decades of research. Strategic Management Journal, 21(2): 155-174. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-0266(200002)21:2%3C155::AID-SMJ82%3E3.0.CO;2-2 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-0266(200002)21:2<155::AID-SMJ82>3.0.CO;2-2
Pangarkar, N. (2008). Internationalization and performance of small- and medium-sized enterprises. Journal of World Business, 43(4), 475–485. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jwb.2007.11.009 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jwb.2007.11.009
Pehrsson, A. (2006). Business relatedness and performance: a study of managerial perceptions. Strategic Management Journal, 27(3), 265-282. https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.516 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.516
Penrose, E. (1995). The theory of the growth of the firm. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/0198289774.001.0001 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/0198289774.001.0001
Porter, M. (1986). Competition in global industries. Harvard Business School Press.
Lozano Posso, M. (2004). Factores de reciente énfasis en la relación diversificación-resultados. Estudios Gerenciales, (90): 35-56. https://www.icesi.edu.co/revistas/index.php/estudios_gerenciales/article/view/131
Purkayastha, S., Manolova, T., & Edelman, L. (2012). Diversification and Performance in Developed and Emerging Market Contexts: A Review of the Literature. International Journal of Management Reviews, 14(1), 18-38. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2370.2011.00302.x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2370.2011.00302.x
Ramanujam, V., & Varadarajan, P. (1989). Research on Corporate Diversification: A Synthesis. Strategic Management Journal, 10(6), 523-551. https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.4250100603 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.4250100603
Ramírez, M., & Espitia, E. M. (2002). The impact of product diversification strategy on the corporate performance of large Spanish firms. Spanish Economic Review, 4(2): 119. https://doi.org/10.1007/s101080200042 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s101080200042
Rumelt, P. (1974). Strategy, Structure and Economic Performance. Division of Research, Boston: Harvard Business School.
Rumelt, R. (1982), Diversification strategy and profitability. Strategic Management Journal, 3(4), 359-369. https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.4250030407 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.4250030407
Stein, J. (1997). Internal capital market and the competition for corporate resources. Journal of Finance, 52(1), 111-133. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6261.1997.tb03810.x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6261.1997.tb03810.x
Suárez, I. (1993). Fundamentos teóricos y empíricos de la relación entre diversificación y resultados empresariales: un panorama. Revista de Economía Aplicada, 1(3), 139-165. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/282571903_Fundamentos_teoricos_y_empiricos_de_la_relacion_entre_diversificacion_y_resultados_una_panorama
Tanriverdi, H., & Venkatraman, N. (2005). Knowledge Relatedness and the Performance of Multibusiness Firms. Strategic Management Journal, 26(2), 97-119. https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.435 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.435
Wernerfelt, B., & Montgomery, C. (1988). Tobin’s q and the Importance of Focus in Firm Performance. American Economic Review, 78(1), 246. https://www.jstor.org/stable/1814713
Xiao, L., & Greenwood, R. (2004). The effect of within-industry diversification on firm performance: synergy creation, multi-market contact and market structuration. Strategic Management Journal, 25(12), 1131-1153. https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.418 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.418
Zaheer, S. (1995). Overcoming the liability of foreignness. Academy of Management Journal, 38(2): 341-363. https://doi.org/10.5465/256683 DOI: https://doi.org/10.5465/256683
Descargas
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0.