El efecto de los factores psicosociales laborales sobre el estrés y bienestar de trabajadores de restaurantes y bares de México
Contenido principal del artículo
Los estudios sobre los trabajadores de restaurantes, bares y discotecas son limitados y poco se conoce sobre los factores psicosociales laborales relacionados con el estrés laboral y el bienestar psicológico de estos trabajadores. El propósito de este estudio fue examinar las relaciones entre factores psicosociales laborales, estrés laboral y bienestar psicológico; mediante un diseño de investigación de corte transversal y correlacional. La muestra estuvo conformada por 167 trabajadores (51.9% mujeres y 48.1% hombres) de restaurantes, bares y discotecas de Jalisco, México. Se evaluaron los factores psicosociales laborales empleando la versión revisada por Almirall Hernández et al. (2018) de la escala de factores de riesgo psicosociales de la Norma (NOM-035), el bienestar psicológico con la escala de Ryff (1989) y el estrés laboral con la adaptación al español realizada por Medina et al. (2007) del cuestionario de estrés laboral de la Organización internacional del Trabajo [OIT]. Los resultados mostraron el liderazgo, la claridad de funciones, la jornada de trabajo, la interferencia en la relación trabajo-familia y la violencia en el trabajo, tienen efectos sobre el estrés laboral; mientras que la violencia en el trabajo tiene efectos en el bienestar psicológico. Se discute la necesidad de crear estrategias para mitigar factores psicosociales que ponen en riesgo la salud mental de los trabajadores.
- Bienestar psicológico
- bienestar eudaimónico
- Estrés laboral
- Trabajadores
- Bares
- restaurantes
- Violencia
- Factores psicosociales laborales
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